How Did Chinas Han Dynasty Collapse

The collapse of the Han Dynasty (206 BCE–221 CE) was a setback in the history of China. The Han empire was such a pivotal era in the history of China that the majority ethnic group in the country today still refer to themselves as the people of Han. Despite its undeniable power and technological innovation, the empires collapse sent the country into disarray for nearly four centuries. Fast Facts: Collapse of the Han Dynasty Event Name: Collapse of the Han DynastyDescription:  The Han Dynasty was one of the greatest classical civilizations of all time. Its collapse left China in disarray for over 350 years.Key Participants:  Emperor Wu, Cao Cao, Xiongnu Nomads, Yellow Turban Rebellion, Five Pecks of GrainsStart Date: The first century  B.C.E.End Date:  221 C.E.Location: China The Han Dynasty in China (traditionally split into Western [206 BCE–25] CE and Eastern [25–221 CE] Han periods) was one of the worlds great classical civilizations. The Han emperors oversaw great advances in technology, philosophy, religion, and trade. They expanded and solidified the economic and political structure of a vast area of over 6.5 million square kilometers (2.5 million square miles). Nevertheless, after four centuries, the Han Empire crumbled away, falling apart from a mixture of internal corruption and external rebellion. Internal Corruption The astonishing growth of the Han empire began when the seventh emperor of the Han dynasty, Emperor Wu (ruled 141–87 BCE), changed tactics. He replaced the previous stable foreign policy of establishing a treaty or tributary relationship with his neighbors. Instead, he put in place new and central governmental bodies which were designed to bring the frontier regions under imperial control. Subsequent emperors continued that expansion. Those were seeds of the eventual end. By the 180s CE, the Han court had grown weak and increasingly cut off from local society, with debauched or disinterested emperors who lived only for amusement. Court eunuchs vied for power with scholar-officials and army generals, and political intrigues were so vicious that they even led to wholesale massacres within the palace. In 189 CE, the warlord Dong Zhuo went so far as to assassinate the 13-year-old Emperor Shao, placing Shaos younger brother on the throne instead. Internal Conflict Over Taxation Economically, by the latter part of the Eastern Han, the government experienced sharply  decreasing tax revenue, limiting their ability to fund the court and to support the armies that defended China from external threats. The scholar-officials generally exempted themselves from taxes, and the peasants had a sort of early-warning system by which they could alert one another when the tax collectors came to a particular village. When the collectors were due, the peasants would scatter to the surrounding countryside, and wait until the tax men had gone. As a result, the central government was chronically short on money. One reason that the peasants fled at the rumor of tax collectors is that they were trying to survive on smaller and smaller plots of farmland. The population was growing quickly, and each son was supposed to inherit a piece of land when the father died. Thus, farms were quickly being carved into ever-tinier bits, and peasant families had trouble supporting themselves, even if they managed to avoid paying taxes. The Steppe Societies Externally, the Han Dynasty also faced the same threat that plagued every indigenous Chinese government throughout history—the danger of raids by the nomadic peoples of the steppes. To the north and west, China borders on desert and range-lands that have been controlled by various nomadic peoples over time, including the Uighurs, the Kazakhs, the Mongols, the Jurchens (Manchu), and the Xiongnu. The nomadic people had control over the extremely valuable Silk Road trade routes, vital to the success of most Chinese governments. During prosperous times, the settled agricultural people of China would simply pay tribute to troublesome nomads, or hire them to provide protection from the other tribes. Emperors even offered Chinese princesses as brides to the barbarian rulers in order to preserve the peace. The Han government, however, did not have the resources to buy off all of the nomads. The Weakening of the Xiongnu One of the most important factors in the collapse of the Han Dynasty, in fact, may have been the Sino-Xiongnu Wars of 133 BCE to 89 CE. For more than two centuries, the Han Chinese and the Xiongnu fought throughout the western regions of China—a critical area that Silk Road trade goods needed to cross to reach the Han Chinese cities. In 89 CE, the Han crushed the Xiongnu state, but this victory came at such a high price that it helped to fatally destabilize the Han government. Instead of reinforcing the strength of the Han empire, weakening Xiongnu allowed the Qiang, people who had been oppressed by the Xiongnu, to free themselves and build coalitions which newly threatened Han sovereignty. During the Eastern Han period, some of the Han generals stationed on the frontier became warlords. Chinese settlers moved away from the frontier, and the policy of resettling the unruly Qiang people inside the frontier made control of the region from Luoyang difficult. In the wake of their defeat, over half of the Xiongnu moved west, absorbing other nomadic groups, and forming a formidable new ethnic group known as the Huns. Thus, the descendants of the Xiongnu would be implicated in the collapse of two other great classical civilizations, as well—the Roman Empire, in 476 CE, and Indias Gupta Empire in 550 CE. In each case, the Huns did not actually conquer these empires, but weakened them militarily and economically, leading to their collapses. Warlordism and Breakdown into Regions Frontier wars and two major rebellions required repeated military intervention between 50 and 150 CE. The Han military governor Duan Jiong adopted brutal tactics that led to the near-extinction of some of the tribes; but after he died in 179 CE, indigenous rebellions and mutinous soldiers ultimately led to the loss of Han control over the region, and foreshadowed the Han collapse as the unrest spread. Peasants and local scholars began to form religious associations, organizing into military units. In 184, a rebellion broke out in 16 communities, called the Yellow Turban rebellion because its members wore headdresses showing their allegiance to a new anti-Han religion. Although they were defeated within the year, more rebellions were inspired. The Five Pecks of Grain established a Daoist theocracy for several decades. End of the Han By 188, the provincial governments were far stronger than the government based at Luoyang. In 189 CE, Dong Zhuo, a frontier general from the northwest, seized the capital of Luoyang, kidnapped the boy emperor, and burned the city to the ground. Dong was killed in 192, and the emperor was passed from warlord to warlord. The Han was now broken into eight separate regions. The last official chancellor of the Han dynasty was one of those warlords, Cao Cao, who took charge of the young emperor and held him virtual prisoner for 20 years. Cao Cao conquered the Yellow River, but was unable to take the Yangzi; when the last Han emperor abdicated to Cao Caos son, the Han Empire had gone, split into Three Kingdoms. Aftermath For China, the end of the Han Dynasty marked the beginning of a chaotic era, a period of civil war and warlordism, accompanied by the deterioration of climate conditions. The country eventually settled into the Three Kingdoms period, when China was divided among the kingdoms of Wei in the north, Shu in the southwest, and Wu in the center and east. China would not reunify again for another 350 years, during the Sui Dynasty (581–618 CE). Sources Bender, Mark. Introduction to Chinese History, The Ohio State University.de Crespigny, Rafe. A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to Three Kingdoms (23-220 AD). Leiden: Brill, 2007. Print.Di Cosmo, Nicola. Han Frontiers: Toward an Integrated View. Journal of the American Oriental Society 129.2 (2009): 199-214. Print.Duiker, William J. Jackson J. Spielvogel. World History to 1500, Cengage Learning, 2008.Lewis, Mark Edward. The Early Chinese Empires: Qin and Han. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2007. Print.Su, Yn, XiuQi Fang, and Jun Yin. Impact of Climate Change on Fluctuations of Grain Harvests in China from the Western Han Dynasty to the Five Dynasties (206 BC-960 AD). Science China Earth Sciences 57.7 (2014): 1701-12. Print.Wang, Xunming, et al. Climate, Desertification, and the Rise and Collapse of China’s Historical Dynasties. Human Ecology 38.1 (2010): 157-72. Print.Wu, Li, et al. Ancient Culture Decline after the Han Dynasty in the Chaohu Lake Basin, East China: A Geoarchaeological Perspective. Quaternary International 275.0 (2012): 23-29. Print.

The Impact of Drugs on Society - 3805 Words

The Impact of Drugs on Society Drugs have effects on society in many different ways. The negative consequences of drug abuse affect not only individuals who abuse drugs but also their families and friends, various businesses, and government resources. The ONDCP (2202) discusses the effects of drug abuse. â€Å"Although many of these affects cannot be quantified, ONDCP reported that in 2002, the economic cost of drug abuse to the United States was $180.9 billion.†(www.usdoj.gov ) Devastating to an abuser’s health is the contraction of needle borne illnesses including hepatitis and HIV/AIDS through injection use. NDDUH data indicate that â€Å"in 2004 over 3.5 million individuals aged 18 and older admitted to having injecting a illicit†¦show more content†¦According to the National Library of Medicine, an estimated 20 percent of Americans have used prescription drugs for non-medical reasons(1). The National Library of Medicine also cites doctors prescribing these medications for more reasons and online pharmacies as culprits in the rise of prescription drug abuse. These kinds of drugs show up on the night life scene, soccer games, PTA meetings and school campuses. This kind of addiction contributes to the rising emergency admissions from overdoses and complications as the Drug Abuse Warning Network reported drugs like Lorazepam, Diazepam and Oxycodone, Hydrocodone, and Morphine are the most frequently reported medications in the emergency department. Maternal Drug Abuse on Society In this referenced case Wisconsin ex rel. Angela v. Kruzicki the issue of protective custody of fetuses. The juvenile court issued a protective custody order. The order directed the fetus be placed in protective custody of the Sheriff’s Department and taken to the local hospital for inpatient treatment and protection. The mother argued that the term â€Å"child† in the Wisconsin child abuse and neglect statues did not include a fetus under a wrongful death statute. It’s custodial effect on Angela not because the juvenile court has asserted control over her,Show MoreRelatedEconomic Impacts Of Drug Abuse1013 Words   |  5 PagesEconomic Impacts of Drug Abuse in the United States Drug abuse is a major public health issue that impacts society both directly and indirectly; every person, every community is somehow affected by drug abuse and addiction and this economic burden is not exclusive to those who use substance, it inevitably impacts those who don t. Drugs impact our society in various ways including but not limited to lost earnings, health care expenditures, costs associated with crime, accidents, and deaths. The useRead MorePrescription Drugs And The United States1749 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to IMS Health (2015) over 4.3 billion prescription drugs were dispensed in the United States and Narconon (2015) reports that the decade ending in 2008 saw a four hundred percent increase in people seeking treatment for opioid addiction. Prescription drug abuse is an epidemic that transcends all socioeconomic boundaries in our society and is destroying lives, families, and whole communities, especially those most vulnerable; the physically and mentally ill. For one to better understandRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Marijuana1203 Words   |  5 Pagesexperiences feelings like heightened mood, increase in appetite, change in opinion, and euphoria. When smoked, the impact is often experienced after a few minutes, but when cooked or eaten one can take thirty to sixty minutes to experience any effect. 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Evidence of the production of alcohol can be traced back to the description of a brewery in an Egyptian papyrus as early as 3500 B.C (Fort, J. 1969). On a seemingly primal level, humans have always had some incessant need to alter their state of consciousnessRead MoreEssay about The Counterculture899 Words   |  4 PagesThe Impact of the Hippie Counterculture of the 1960s The â€Å"hippies† of the 1960s had many effects on the American society. The visual appearance and lifestyle of the hippies were in sharp contrast to the conservative nature of the older generation, which defined them as a counterculture. The hippie lifestyle was based on free love, rock music, shared property, and drug experimentation. They introduced a new perspective on drugs, freedom of expression, appearance, music, attitudes toward work

Wrongful Convictions And The Criminal Justice System

This paper takes a leap into the corrupted side of the criminal justice system. After analyzing several articles regarding wrongful conviction cases in the Unites States, it is apparent that wrongful conviction cases occur more often than society believed. It has come to surface in recent years that wrongful convictions are a big problem with our criminal justice system. Researchers have discovered the causes of wrongful convictions to be bad lawyering, government misconduct, informants, false confessions, flawed forensic science and eyewitness error. Furthermore, this paper explores the affects victims face due to a wrongful conviction. As society has begun to steadily realize that miscarriage of justice is a possibility, researchers have considered reforms to the criminal justice system. Wrongful Convictions in the Criminal Justice System During recent studies from several researchers it has been concluded that there is a fault within our criminal justice system. Researchers discov ered there is a high wrongful conviction rate within the United States judicial system. After, extensive research, it was found that wrongful convictions are caused by eyewitness error, false confessions, flawed forensic science, an informant, bad lawyering, and government misconduct. Without a doubt, this issue has shocked society, due to the fact we rely on the system for pure justice. Within my findings, it is apparent that victims of wrongful convictions suffer numerous affects whenShow MoreRelatedThe Wrongful Conviction Of Criminal Justice System1185 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Æ' A conviction of a person accused of a crime which in the result subsequent investigation proves erroneous.It depicts as any conviction which is apparently not committed by the convicted.I have studied many cases that why wrongful conviction has occurred even with doing a systematic probe, having with an affirmation and evidence. 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Genetically Modified Organisms ( Gmos ) Essay - 1463 Words

Introduction The concept of intentionally altering a naturally occurring organism’s DNA in order to produce genetically modified organisms (GMOs) has been critically analyzed by both science and the mainstream media in the last decade. However, the genetic modification of organisms is not a recent innovation as humans have been modifying organisms for over 30 000 years (Rangel, 2015). Back then, breeding through artificial selection was the most prominent method of genetic engineering. Organisms with the most desirable traits would be bred together in order to create a new generation of superior organisms. Throughout the centuries, the developments in science and technology have resulted in new methods of genetic engineering. Now, genomes can be spliced in order to insert or remove genes. It has essentially come down to a copy and paste process with genes from animals being inserted into plants as the common practice. GM foods are developed by scientists because there is some perceived advantage either to the producer or consumer. For a GM food to be of theoretical benefit to the consumer and society as a whole, it should: increase crop yields due to the introduced resistance to pests and disease, enhance the nutritional profile of an organism or increase the shelf life (Phillips, 2008). Based on the projected benefits of GMOs, it is reasonable to ask and address the question of whether GMOs are capable of alleviating the societal issues of world hunger and poverty.Show MoreRelatedGenetically Modified Organisms ( Gmo )1665 Words   |  7 PagesA genetically modified organism (GMO) is a chemical organism processed in a laboratory where genes from the DNA of the crops are extracted and then artificially forced into an unrelated product that, when put into the crops the farmers raise, can chemically change the makeup of the crop. The chemical makeup can be from the change in the skin color of the crop to the actual organic chemistry compound. Genetic engineering is the process of splicing the genes in the crop and taking out a certain chemicalRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms, Or Gmos, Are Genetically966 Words   |  4 Pages Genetically Modified Organisms, or GMOs, are genetically modified plants, animals, or microorganisms whose genetic information has been modified by DNA-editing methods such as DNA splicing or gene modification. This modification creates unstable combinations of plant, animal, or bacterial genes that are not found in nature (GMO Facts). It is the right of the consumer to know exactly what they are consuming. However, in the United States, it is not required that food containing GMOs has to be labeledRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms ( Gmos )996 Words   |  4 PagesGenetically modified organisms (GMOs) are seeds that are genetically altered in a laboratory before being planted. Later on, they grow into genetically modified (GM) foods. Genetically Modified Organism (GMO) A GMO is a plant-based organism, such as seed. However, it has: Genes that are altered to act in a certain way that does not naturally happen OR Contains genes from another plant-based organism History Since 1994, about 85 GM foods have been approved for sale in Canada. This includes GM foodsRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms ( Gmo )1236 Words   |  5 PagesLayla Sugawara 4/12/15 9/Fe Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) A genetically modified organism (GMO) is any organism whose genetics has been altered by some form of technology. GMOs were first developed from the idea of selective breeding or artificial selection. Selective breeding or artificial selection is when humans purposely breed two selected organisms to reproduce a offspring with a desired trait. The beginning of genetic engineering is unclear. Before the 1900s, some farmers and naturalistsRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms Or Gmos1231 Words   |  5 Pagesthese innovation scientists have been working with are genetically modified organisms, or GMOs for short. The topic of GMOs is extremely controversial. There are those who back it one hundred percent, and those who seek to see it destroyed. While much of GMOs’ fame comes from the field of genetically modified foods, it is most certainly not limited to it. A quieter, and perhaps more imaginary field of GMOs has to do with genetically modified pigs. Scientists have been reworking the genes of someRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms ( Gmo )1383 Words   |  6 PagesGenetically Modified Organisms (GMO) is one of the most important issues around the world. Genetic engineering is a process where scientists take genes from one species and force it into the DNA of other species. GMO has long been in practice to b reed select individuals of a species to produce offspring of the desirable behaviors. It is used in conventional livestock production, crop farming and even pet breeding. It involves combining elements of DNA from different sources to create a new DNA moleculeRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms ( Gmos )1775 Words   |  8 Pagesâ€Å"Between 1996 and 2008, US farmers sprayed an extra 383 million pounds of herbicide on GMOs† (Smith). For more than 20 years GMOs have been produced and placed on store shelves; there are many recognized and uncertain hazards that may affect the health of humans and the environment (Ehrenberg). 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Some people believe that organic practices provide the best quality food. Others consider genetic modification to be the most beneficial by allowing farmers to produce more crops with the same amount or even less space. The fact is, GMOs are in almost everything we con sume. Significant research demonstrates that they benefit our society by providing

The changes in the global pattern of tourism Free Essays

The global pattern of tourism has changed drastically over the last fifty years. Changes such as the number of global tourist arrivals, distances travelled, and the cost of travel have meant that ‘tourism’ is today one of the world’s most important industries. There are a number of reasons for this change, for example, technology and social situation. We will write a custom essay sample on The changes in the global pattern of tourism or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the seventeenth century, doctors recommended benefits of water, which triggered the building of spas. People began taking relaxing trips to these spas. When the industrial revolution struck, huge changes in transport took place, such as better rail links in the United Kingdom. These railway lines provided links to expand. Also, people began to earn more money, and with disposable income, annual holidays became increasingly popular. During World War 2, people were not allowed on beaches. Once the war had finished, people celebrated by going to the beach. This made seaside resorts become much more popular. In 1970, the jet plane carried 307 million passengers. By 2006, this had increased to a huge 2. billion! This shows just how much tourism has increased in the past half century. In 1950, international tourist arrivals were only 20 million. In 2005, it was measured to be over 700 million! Europe in particular was responsible for a considerable amount of this increase, approximately 400 million. In 2005, there were 441,528 thousand international tourist arrivals. The Mediterranean was responsible for 36% of this number. This shows that southern Spain is a very popular tourist destination. I think this is due to the climate in the Med. The Mediterranean is well known for its hot, dry summers, which naturally attract visitors. Most arrivals here are on holiday for leisure purposes, rather than business. It is not just in Europe, however, that tourism has increased. In 1990, the world saw 439 million international tourist arrivals. In 2005, this has increased to 806 million. This shows an average annual increase of 3. 3%. There are many reasons for this increase. Economic factors, such as rising incomes, decreasing costs of the flight itself – due to the expansion of budget airlines. Also, many airlines have introduced reward schemes, or loyalty bonuses, which are appealing to the customer. Social factors, such as the increase of the number of days paid leave workers can take. This gives people more spare time for a holiday. Many students in recent years, after finishing school, which to take a ‘gap year’ to go travelling, before going to university, or getting a job. Finally, there are also political reasons for which tourism has increased. Some governments invest heavily in advertising campaigns to encourage tourism. Also, international sporting events, such as the world cup or the Olympics, attract millions of people from all over the globe. Forecasts from the World Tourism Organisation are showing an approximate 650 million increase in global arrivals between 2007 and 2020. Another noticeable change is the distance people are travelling to go on holiday. In 1841, Thomas cook introduce the first ever package holiday, from Leicester to Loughborough, which was only 12 miles away. These travellers attended temperance meetings. Fifty years ago, tourist arrivals in the Middle East and Africa were virtually none existent, as the travel links simply were not there. I believe one of the main reasons that tourist arrivals have gone up so considerably is due to the travel links expanding. Thanks to the invention of the train, Thomas Cook was able to expand his holidays. However, in 1970, with the invention of the jet plane, mass tourism began. There was no limit to where people could go on holiday, so the distances travelled dramatically increased here. People travel to places such as Spain, specifically the Mediterranean, as it is only 725 miles, which is approximately a 2 hour flight. Today; people can travel literally across the world, from London to Sydney, a distance of 10,552 miles. The third main change in the pattern of tourism over the last fifty years is the cost of travel. People first began taking holidays after the industrial revolution, as they had disposable income. Although prices for travel such as trains were cheaper in the 1950’s, people have a much higher income in today’s society, so they are much more affordable. In the early 1990’s, the first budget airline was introduced. They offered low cost flights in exchange for passenger services, such as in-flight meals and extra leg room. This appealed to many working class people, who wished to go on holiday for less. Flights on budget airlines can be extremely cheap, especially if you fly on an unpopular time and date. You can purchase some flights from the UK to Ireland as cheap as 1p plus VAT. Return flights to Spain can be as cheap as i20. Package holidays also made holidays more appealing to people who were not as well off as some. They combine the cost of flight, accommodation and travel, and are usually with a group of several other tourists. Package holidays range from your typical relaxing fortnight on the beach in Majorca, to cockroach races in Brisbane! At the story bridge hotel in Brisbane, every January 26th, they race cockroaches! This tradition began in 1981, when to drunken men argued that the cockroaches from their part of town were fastest. Today, people literally come from all over the world just to race there cockroaches! Also, many people today choose to go on â€Å"all inclusive† holidays. This is when the holiday resort provides all food and drink in the price. This is appealing to people as when on holiday, many people do not wish to cook or worrying about finding places to eat. All inclusive holidays start from just i290 to Ibiza; this makes luxury more affordable for the working class. Recently, ecotourism has become more popular. This is when people travel to less economically developed countries such as Kenya, or India. They volunteer once in the country, often doing conservation work. Flights to these areas are not very expensive, as they are less popular. Fifty years ago, few people travelled far to go on holiday, as it was so expensive. Overall, these are the three key changes in the pattern of tourism. A dramatic increase in the number of global tourist arrivals, an increase in the distance travelled, and cost of travel being more affordable, have meant that tourism is very different today than it was fifty years ago. I feel that the main catalyst for increasing tourism in general, was the invention of the jet plane. Carrying 2. 1 billion passengers in 2006, it is clearly responsible for a large part of transporting these tourists. Of course, another reason for the patterns in tourism is the fact that people are earning more money. Thanks to this disposable income, more people can afford to treat themselves to a holiday. I also feel there are now more incentives to go on holiday today, such as these â€Å"package†, or â€Å"all inclusive† holidays, as these save the consumer money. Fifty years ago, people used to travel 12 miles down the road to go on holiday, today they travel to the other side of the world. I feel this shows just how big these changes in the pattern of tourism are. How to cite The changes in the global pattern of tourism, Papers

Arts Humanities Time Final Project Essay Example For Students

Arts Humanities Time Final Project Essay As you read this, Will illustrate my personal daily tasks as they exist now, discuss current morale and decision-making, my definition of happiness, Longboats Hughes Mother to Son, the architect Sagas De Barcelona, Human by Brandy, the movie John Q and the significance of airbags in automobiles. Concluding this time capsule, you will have learned more on how we lived in the late 20th and early 21st Centuries and possibly how some of our inventions may help to inspire some future inventions. Due to the recent economic crisis, America is experiencing a recession that is low to recover, Because of the recession, the jobless rate has reached a 10. 1 percent high (Chancre, 2011). Unfortunately am one of those workers whom were laid off, Therefore, am taking this time now to focus on attending school full-time and getting a Bachelor of Science degree in Business Administration. I currently receive unemployment Vichy means that my income has been reduced almost to half as when was working. With my faith and trust in God have been able to sustain my lifestyle with some minor adjustments to my spending habits. Now that I am on a more restricted income, my daily tasks include only things I deed to do in order to control spending costs. On a weekday daily basis my schedule consists of going to the gym. That is pretty much the only time I leave the house. While Im out, I get many Other chores done Which often includes shopping. Attend school online and therefore study late nights because that is when it is the most quiet allowing me to really focus. Once I am done with my B. S. I plan on furthering my education in receiving an MBA and possibly PhD in the future. Because am introvert, it doesnt bother me to spend a lot of time by myself. However, because am human to keep my sanity, on the weekends I often spend time with friends and attend church on Sundays. Hanging with friends on Saturdays and attending church on Sundays helps give me a sense of balance and understanding in my life, weigh out morality and decision making skills, In the current political times, many business leaders and executives are faced with challenging decisions that may require them to base their work ethics and decisions based on what is morally right. More times than naught, many have failed this task resulting in thousands of job losses across the United States of America. One example of this would be the Enron Corporation scandal which involved accountants from the Arthur Andersen accounting firm. Enron lied about its profits and stands accused of a range of shady dealings, including concealing debts so they didnt show up in the companys accounts. As the depth of the deception unfolded, investors and creditors retreated, forcing the firm into Chapter II bankruptcy (BBC News, 2002). Concluding this demise, 21,000 jobs were lost as a result of abominable decision-making from top ranking executives Which often times engrossed self-greed. The bulwark Of the Enron scandal began the start of the country downward spiral of poor ethical and session-making strategies. In this life, we cannot become overwhelmed with the things that happened in the past because we cannot change them. Because we cannot change them, its best that we move forward pursuing happiness as best we can, For some pursuing happiness can be a challenge in its own. I define happiness as being the opposite of sadness. It is anything that makes a person feel a sense to joy, jovial or jocular mood or spirit. It is a sense self-fulfillment not found with external measures or turpitude. I hear people say that they look for their potential domestic partner to make them happy. My take on that is that no other individual can make another happy. Someone else can add to your happiness, but if youre not happy within yourself first no one else can make you happy. Moving on to my next topic, Longboats Hughes Mother to Son will examine happiness in the reverence of perseverance. .u710f3b13ff1de724c77995a798b5f075 , .u710f3b13ff1de724c77995a798b5f075 .postImageUrl , .u710f3b13ff1de724c77995a798b5f075 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u710f3b13ff1de724c77995a798b5f075 , .u710f3b13ff1de724c77995a798b5f075:hover , .u710f3b13ff1de724c77995a798b5f075:visited , .u710f3b13ff1de724c77995a798b5f075:active { border:0!important; } .u710f3b13ff1de724c77995a798b5f075 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u710f3b13ff1de724c77995a798b5f075 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u710f3b13ff1de724c77995a798b5f075:active , .u710f3b13ff1de724c77995a798b5f075:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u710f3b13ff1de724c77995a798b5f075 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u710f3b13ff1de724c77995a798b5f075 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u710f3b13ff1de724c77995a798b5f075 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u710f3b13ff1de724c77995a798b5f075 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u710f3b13ff1de724c77995a798b5f075:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u710f3b13ff1de724c77995a798b5f075 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u710f3b13ff1de724c77995a798b5f075 .u710f3b13ff1de724c77995a798b5f075-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u710f3b13ff1de724c77995a798b5f075:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How to Write Literary Analysis EssayLongboats Hughes By: Warren Godson Life for me into been no crystal stair. Its had tacks in it, and splinters, and boards torn up So boy, dont you turn back. This poem deserves the merit of being included in this time capsule because a 100 years from now its contents an be relayed to future generations parents-to-child the same as now encouraging them not to give up when they may become discouraged. The message here apprises children that everything in life is not going to be easy. You will be faced with some challenges. When life does exude challenges, giving up is not an option. Speaking of challenges, architect Ateliers Jean Nouvelle has faced a huge challenge with his design 21st Century building tort the Sagas De Barcelona. The Sagas De Barcelona (Gasbag) is the building that houses the municipal water company for Barcelona. This unique building has a 21st Century design like none other. The Sagas De Barcelona was not designed with the traditional columns as in most designs tort buildings, towers, or sky-scrapers. Instead, it was built with a forced-concrete structure, crowned by a glass and steel dome, it has a multi- colored facade of aluminum panels, behind glass louvers, in 25 different colors. There are 4,400 windows and 56,619 transparent and translucent glass plates, The louvers are tilted at different angles calculated to deflect the direct sun light. Elliptical in plan the 31 floors are without internal columns, the parametric structure and the central concrete core, containing the services and emergency tireless, are the important elements Of the building. Six lift shafts rise up inside the outer walls (Kisser, 2011). This building is worth preserving because I believe it Will be the blueprint design Of buildings to come. I ranked it over Other possibilities because there currently is no other building of its kind or magnitude. Transitioning from a-one-of kind building to a one-of-a kind music artist, Brandy Norway (aka Brandy or Braun) who sings about love and things that happen in our daily lives regardless of who we are. Brandy Norway is an accomplished Grammar Award winning artist homo has also starred in many leading movie roles as well as having her own television sitcom and several reality television shows. In 2006, Brandy was involved in a car accident that killed another motorist. From the accident, the California Highway Patrol and the victims Tamil began to pursue legal action against Brandy. After a couple fears passed, a settlement was made. Shortly after the settlement was made, Brandy released her latest album, Human. Although this was not the single release from the album, it was a song titled on the album (Associated Press, 2007). Because I am a rapacious fan of Brandy, I Sistine to the entire CD, When I listened to the song Human (http;WHOM. Youths. Com/watch? V=elemental) it reminded me how we are all human and eve make mistakes (or accidents happen) and should be forgiven for them. Thats why Vive chosen this song over any other any why it needs to be included in this time capsule. Forgiveness sis key to life as it is another key to happiness. Another great aspect to life concerns our health as having great health insurance coverage is essential. For this fragment in my time capsule am Will discuss the 2002 movie John Q (http. Midi. Mom/title/tt0251160) starring Denned Washington. The 2002 movie is about A down-on-his luck father, whose insurance wont cover his sons heart transplant, takes the hospitals emergency room hostage until the doctors agree to perform the operation (Midi, 2011). I ranked this movie above any other because it exhibits the rising concerns this country faces concerning the necessity to provide adequate health care coverage for all thats affordable. This movie is worth placement in the time capsule so hopefully in the future you will be able to look back on how things used to be and see what we had to endure to aka coverage better for all in the future, The last item that will include in this time capsule is another object used to preserve life and prevent serious bodily trauma and injury the airbag. .ue5e76bd198bd87f122679a66386f868b , .ue5e76bd198bd87f122679a66386f868b .postImageUrl , .ue5e76bd198bd87f122679a66386f868b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue5e76bd198bd87f122679a66386f868b , .ue5e76bd198bd87f122679a66386f868b:hover , .ue5e76bd198bd87f122679a66386f868b:visited , .ue5e76bd198bd87f122679a66386f868b:active { border:0!important; } .ue5e76bd198bd87f122679a66386f868b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue5e76bd198bd87f122679a66386f868b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue5e76bd198bd87f122679a66386f868b:active , .ue5e76bd198bd87f122679a66386f868b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue5e76bd198bd87f122679a66386f868b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue5e76bd198bd87f122679a66386f868b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue5e76bd198bd87f122679a66386f868b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue5e76bd198bd87f122679a66386f868b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue5e76bd198bd87f122679a66386f868b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue5e76bd198bd87f122679a66386f868b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue5e76bd198bd87f122679a66386f868b .ue5e76bd198bd87f122679a66386f868b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue5e76bd198bd87f122679a66386f868b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Prepubescent Strength Training EssayDated back early as the asses, airbags have been in existence just not widely used because the technique of design wasnt quite mastered. Ford and GM attempted to used airbags in several of their early model vehicles without much avail, it wasnt until 1988 when Chrysler became the first company to offer air bag restraint systems as standard equipment (Bellies, 2011). Airbags alone dont provide the necessary protection needed to save lives. Manufacturers and the Department of Transportation suggest wearing your stables will further increase your chances of coming out of an accident with minimal injuries. I have chosen airbags over all Other gadgets or fads because they save lives and Often times eve dont pay close attention to those things that help us opposed to things that appease us. Airbags are worth preserving because they too can be used as blueprint for inventing better safety restraint systems in the future. The 20th and 21st Centuries were times in Which this country has undergone many challenges to get where it will be in 100 years. In preserving life. We must learn things from our past with hopes of not making the same mistakes in the future. We should know that our decision-making choices affect not only ourselves personally, but could affect thousands of lives within a near or far reaching community. Those decisions could ultimately lead to our demise or contribute to our happiness, life lessons, the building of our community structures, forgiveness for one another, our health and safety.